Evaluation of the Presence and Importance of PD-L1 Expression in Head-neck Squamosus Cell Carcinomas and Premalign Lesions

Ozlem Ceren Gunizi; Huseyin Gunizi

Volume 25, Issue 6 , 2023

Abstract
  Background: Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a cell membrane protein found on the surface of cancer cells, immune system cells in the tumor microenvironment, and various healthy tissues. Moreover, it plays a key role in suppressing the immune system. Objectives: We aim to explain the presence of ...  Read More

A Rare Case: Laryngeal Sarcomatoid Carcinoma

Huseyin Gunizi

Volume 24, Issue 11 , 2022

Abstract
  Background: Spindle cell carcinoma (sarcomatoid carcinoma) is a rare carcinoma that accounts for 2-3% of all laryngeal malignancies. Here, we present a case with laryngeal tumor diagnosed as Spindle cell carcinoma. Case Presentation: Fifty-nine-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic with the ...  Read More